- Estate levies and service charges pay for shared services such as security, cleaning and common areas.
- Ask what the charge covers, who sets it and how it is collected before you commit.
- Get all rules and receipts in writing.
The Short Answer
Many homes in Nigeria sit inside an estate or a building that charges residents for shared costs. These charges pay for things like security, cleaning, street lighting, waste collection, common-area power and repairs. They can be fair and useful, or confusing and disputed. Ask what is covered, how much it is and who decides before you rent or buy. This guide is general information, not legal advice.
Common Terms
| Term | What it usually means |
|---|---|
| Service charge | Regular payment for shared services in a building or estate |
| Estate levy or dues | Payment to the estate association for security, upkeep or development |
| Development levy | A one-off or occasional charge for a specific improvement |
| Facility management fee | Payment to a company that runs maintenance, security or cleaning |
What Should It Cover?
Ask for a written list of services covered, such as security, cleaning, waste removal, generator or power for common areas, water supply, lighting and repairs. If you are told something is included, such as 24-hour power, get it in writing and ask how it is delivered.
Questions to Ask Before You Commit
How much is the charge and how often is it paid? Who sets and approves it, and how can it increase? Is there an association, and are there regular meetings and accounts? Are there extra charges for events, repairs or special projects? What happens if you pay late? Ask current residents for their honest experience.
Landlords, Tenants and Buyers
Check whether the tenant or the landlord pays the service charge, and write it in the tenancy agreement using our checklist. If you buy, ask the seller for proof that all dues are paid up, since unpaid charges can become your problem. Include these costs when you work out your return, as in our rental evaluation guide.
Keep Records and Stay Involved
Pay by traceable bank transfer and keep receipts. Ask to see how the money is spent. Attend residents' meetings where you can, and raise concerns politely and in writing. A well-run estate association with open accounts usually keeps standards high and disputes low.
Handling Disputes
Start with a polite written request for an explanation. Read your agreement and the estate's rules. If the problem continues, seek help from the association's executive, a lawyer or the appropriate local authority, and do not withhold payments in a way that breaks your agreement without advice.
Action Checklist
- Get a written list of what the charge covers
- Find out who sets the charge and how it can rise
- Ask whether the landlord or tenant pays it
- Request proof that all dues are paid before you buy
- Pay by transfer and keep every receipt
- Attend estate meetings and ask to see accounts
- Raise disputes politely and in writing
